Keywords
adversity
COVID-19 survivors
descriptive phenomenology
SIBOL
How to Cite
Abstract
Dealing with a traumatic event, such as severe COVID-19 symptoms, may deplete one's strength and fill them with fear and hopelessness. Despite such events that may demoralize an individual, the Posttraumatic Growth (PTG) phenomenon allows for the possibility of growth in the face of adversity. The purpose of this study is to explore the lived experiences of Posttraumatic Growth of the COVID-19 survivors and to ascertain what aspects of positive growth they have experienced. The researchers used purposive sampling to obtain the required number of respondents and used the interview protocol to conduct a semi-structured interview to gather the necessary information. Five themes have been identified using Colaizzi's seven steps for descriptive phenomenological data analysis. Specifically; (1) savor, (2) invigorating, (3) benevolent, (4) optimistic, and (5) light, which then abbreviated as SIBOL, a Tagalog word which means sprout; growth; spring that symbolizes the beginning of the growth of COVID-19 survivors. They perceived the Posttraumatic Growth as an opportunity to live their lives differently, this time embracing the new positive changes in their lives. Though there have only been a few studies on Posttraumatic Growth in the Philippines, it has the potential to raise a lot of awareness about the possible benefits of attaining Posttraumatic Growth. This assists in identifying a way to view adversity as a challenge that will aid in the growth process, where our emphasis shifts from learning about negative experiences to facilitating Posttraumatic Growth itself.
References
Abu Shosha, G. (2012). EMPLOYMENT OF COLAIZZI’S STRATEGY IN DESCRIPTIVE PHENOMENOLOGY: A REFLECTION OF A RESEARCHER. European Scientific Journal.
Akhtar, M. (2017). #WhatIs post-traumatic growth? the journey from adversity to growth. Watkins.
Brandt, R. B. (1976). The Psychology of Benevolence and its Implications for Philosophy: Journal of Philosophy, 73(14), 429–453. https://doi.org/10.2307/2025781
Brown, D. J., Arnold, R., Fletcher, D., & Standage, M. (2017). Human Thriving: A Conceptual Debate and Literature Review. European Psychologist, 22(3), 167–179. https://doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000294
Chan, M. W. C., Ho, S. M. Y., Tedeschi, R. G., & Leung, C. W. L. (2011). The valence of attentional bias and cancer‐related rumination in posttraumatic stress and posttraumatic growth among women with breast cancer. Psycho-Oncology, 20(5), 544–552. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.1761
Christof. (2019). 18 Qualities That Make an Exceptional Care Worker. In The Care Workers Charity. https://www.thecareworkerscharity.org.uk/blog/care-worker-qualities/
Cognizance definition. (n.d.). https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/cognizance
Creative ways to feel good during COVID lockdowns. (2021). In Sydney City Psychology. https://sydneycitypsychology.com.au/creative-ways-to-feel-good-during-covid-lockdowns/
Crossman, A. (2020). What You Need to Understand About Purposive Sampling. In ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/purposive-sampling-3026727
Duran, D. R. (2021). Savoring in Positive Psychology: 21 Tools to Appreciate Life. In PositivePsychology.com. https://positivepsychology.com/savoring/
Ellis, P. (2016). The language of research (part 8): phenomenological research - Wounds UK. https://wounds-uk.com/journal-articles/the-language-of-research-part-8-phenomenological-research/
Fortified definition. (n.d.). https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/fortified
Garland, E. L., Hanley, A. W., Goldin, P. R., & Gross, J. J. (2017). Testing the mindfulness-to-meaning theory: Evidence for mindful positive emotion regulation from a reanalysis of longitudinal data. PLOS ONE, 12(12), e0187727. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0187727
Hall, B. J., Hobfoll, S. E., Canetti, D., Johnson, R. J., Palmieri, P. A., & Galea, S. (2010). Exploring the Association Between Posttraumatic Growth and PTSD: A National Study of Jews and Arabs Following the 2006 Israeli-Hezbollah War. Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease, 198(3), 180–186. https://doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0b013e3181d1411b
Koydemir, S. (2020). How to cultivate meaning in life. In Selda Koydemir. https://www.seldakoydemir.com/resources/meaning-in-life
Larsen, S. E., & Berenbaum, H. (2015). Are Specific Emotion Regulation Strategies Differentially Associated with Posttraumatic Growth Versus Stress? Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 24(7), 794–808. https://doi.org/10.1080/10926771.2015.1062451
Lau, B. H. P., Chan, C. L. W., & Ng, S. M. (2021). Post-traumatic Growth in the First COVID Outbreak in Hong Kong. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 675132. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.675132
Lees, A. B. (n.d.). Posttraumatic Growth | Psychology Today. Retrieved February 8, 2024, from https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/surviving-thriving/201904/posttraumatic-growth
Mathis, D. (2021). The Stability of Our Times: Rooted in the Steadiness of Christ. In Desiring God. https://www.desiringgod.org/articles/the-stability-of-our-times
Miller’s Guild. (2023). Five (5) Spiritual Meanings Of Light. https://www.millersguild.com/light-spirit-meaning
Montijo, S. (2021). 20 Positive Affirmations for a Fulfilling Life. In Psych Central. https://psychcentral.com/health/what-are-positive-affirmations
Morrow, R., Rodriguez, A., & King, N. (2015). Colaizzi’s descriptive phenomenological method. The Psychologist, 28(8), 643–644. https://thepsychologist.bps.org.uk/volume-28/august-2015/learning-lifeworld
Moser, A., & Korstjens, I. (2017). Series: Practical guidance to qualitative research. Part 1: Introduction. European Journal of General Practice, 23(1), 271–273. https://doi.org/10.1080/13814788.2017.1375093
Nalipay, Ma. J. N., Bernardo, A. B. I., & Mordeno, I. G. (2017). Posttraumatic growth in survivors of a natural disaster: the role of social axioms of religiosity, reward for application, and social cynicism. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 12(4), 342–353. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2016.1187199
Robinson, L., Smith, M., & Segal, J. (n.d.). Emotional and Psychological Trauma - HelpGuide.org. In https://www.helpguide.org. Retrieved February 12, 2024, from https://www.helpguide.org/articles/ptsd-trauma/coping-with-emotional-and-psychological-trauma.htm
Saavedra, J. (n.d.). Adaptability: Definition, Examples, & Tips. In The Berkeley Well-Being Institute. Retrieved February 12, 2024, from https://www.berkeleywellbeing.com/adaptability.html
Sahoo, S., Mehra, A., Suri, V., Malhotra, P., Yaddanapudi, L. N., Dutt Puri, G., & Grover, S. (2020). Lived experiences of the corona survivors (patients admitted in COVID wards): A narrative real-life documented summaries of internalized guilt, shame, stigma, anger. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 53, 102187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102187
Saleh, J. (2023). Visionary Leadership in Action: How to Inspire Change and Drive Personal Growth in the Workplace. In Monitask. https://www.monitask.com/en/blog/visionary-leadership-in-action-how-to-inspire-change-and-drive-personal-growth-in-the-workplace
Scott, E. (2022). The Differences Between Optimists and Pessimists. In Verywell Mind. https://www.verywellmind.com/the-benefits-of-optimism-3144811
Seligman, M. E. P. (2011). Flourish: A visionary new understanding of happiness and well-being. Free Press.
Spencer, M. (2012). What is Spirituality? Published: Royal College of Psychiatrists. https://rb.gy/dfd85
Sun, S., Goldberg, S. B., Lin, D., Qiao, S., & Operario, D. (2021). Psychiatric symptoms, risk, and protective factors among university students in quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic in China. Globalization and Health, 17(1), 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-021-00663-x
Tedeschi, R. G. (2020). Growth After Trauma. Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org/2020/07/growth-after-trauma
Tedeschi, R. G., & Calhoun, L. G. (1996). The posttraumatic growth inventory: Measuring the positive legacy of trauma. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 9(3), 455–471. https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.2490090305
Tedeschi, R. G., & Calhoun, L. G. (2004). Posttraumatic Growth: Conceptual Foundations and Empirical Evidence. Psychological Inquiry, 15(1), 1–18. https://www.jstor.org/stable/20447194
Tedeschi, R. G., Shakespeare-Finch, J., Taku, K., & Calhoun, L. G. (2018). Posttraumatic growth: Theory, research, and applications. Routledge.
Tee, M. L., Tee, C. A., Anlacan, J. P., Aligam, K. J. G., Reyes, P. W. C., Kuruchittham, V., & Ho, R. C. (2020). Psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines. Journal of Affective Disorders, 277, 379–391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.08.043
Tenny, S., Brannan, J. M., & Brannan, G. D. (2021). Qualitative Study. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470395/
Tuncay, T., & Musabak, I. (2015). Problem-Focused Coping Strategies Predict Posttraumatic Growth in Veterans With Lower-Limb Amputations. Journal of Social Service Research, 41(4), 466–483. https://doi.org/10.1080/01488376.2015.1033584
Venturesome definition. (n.d.). https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/venturesome
Victoria Stokes. (2021). Post-Traumatic Growth: How to Start Healing. In Healthline. https://www.healthline.com/health/what-is-post-traumatic-growth
Villazor, J., & De Guzman, R. (2022). More than Grief and Resilience: The Posttraumatic Growth of Grieving Parents by Suicide in Bataan, Philippines. Journal of Education, Management and Development Studies, 2(1), 1–12.
What is being active? (n.d.). In Fit For Me. Retrieved February 12, 2024, from http://www.fitforme.info/what-is-being-active/
Xiao, S., Luo, D., & Xiao, Y. (2020). Survivors of COVID-19 are at high risk of posttraumatic stress disorder. Global Health Research and Policy, 5(1), 29. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41256-020-00155-2
Xu, X., Hu, M., Song, Y., Lu, Z., Chen, Y., Wu, D., & Xiao, T. (2016). Effect of Positive Psychological Intervention on Posttraumatic Growth among Primary Healthcare Workers in China: A Preliminary Prospective Study. Scientific Reports, 6(1), 39189. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep39189
Yücel, E., & Arslantürk, G. (2019). “Kendini Unutmak”: Psikoloji Araştırmalarında Tevazu. Psikoloji Çalışmaları / Studies in Psychology, 209–243. https://doi.org/10.26650/SP2019-0015
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Education, Management and Development Studies